Dana Blankenhorn

Is the Volcker Precedent Wrong?

Fed chairman Jerome Powell is basing his anti-inflation fight on the success of Paul Volcker from 1979-1984.

The myth is Volcker sent interest rates higher than that era’s inflation, but the resulting recession set the stage for decades of growth to come.

What if it’s wrong?

I had already begun my reporting career in 1979. Volcker’s policy did cause pain. But interest rates didn’t start falling until the 1980s, and the Fed wasn’t the only cause.

The other cause was the State Department. In 1981 the Reagan Administration quietly negotiated an alliance with the Saud family based on a simple premise. They would sell oil in dollars and pump a lot of it. We would extend to them our military protection, specifically against Iran.

That alliance has held firm from that day to this. It held firm through the Gulf War. It held through 9/11, even though the attack was committed mainly by Saudi nationals and inspired by the son of a Saudi billionaire. It held through the disaster of Iraq.

It was this alliance that sent inflation down in the early 1980s, not Volcker’s Fed. Oil went from over $125/barrel to $80 in Reagan’s first term. Texas’ economy was crushed, but everyone else prospered. It was morning in America.

Our present inflation is also based on resources. Oil costs spiked from $80/barrel last September to over $115 in May. They’ve since fallen back to $80. The fall came about because we’re no longer in an economic era defined by resources.

Government is a bank. Money is a verb.

Once you understand this you can understand the 21^st century economy and Federal Reserve policy. If you can’t, rich people will lead you to believe things against your interest, like government debt is your mortgage or a trade deficit is money we owe other countries.

What follows is a simplistic explanation. A longer one can be found here. 

The amount of money in circulation should approximate what’s needed to sustain economic activity. In a normal time, you can see how much you need by its price and what’s happening to prices in the economy.

When there’s not enough money, as was true in the Great Depression, the Great Recession and under COVID, economic activity grinds to a halt. People don’t buy stuff thus people can’t sell stuff. In the first two events, there was too much stuff for the money available. In the latest case, there wasn’t enough money to buy the stuff.

The Three Big Challenges Boiled Into One

Nearly three years ago, after attending the Heidelberg Laureate Forum honoring great mathematicians and computer experts, I wrote a three part series on the big technologies of this decade:

• The End of Oil 
• The Machine Internet 
• DNA as a Programming Language 

This is a good time to revisit the trends. A recession is also the best time to start a new tech company. Incumbents are faltering and you get a clean sheet of paper to write the future on.

One Medium, Extra Large

When I was at Northwestern’s Medill School, 45 years ago, I was pursued by a singular idea. That was, all the media we studied would eventually become one.

At the time there were three majors at Medill (four if you count advertising). You could major in newspapers, in magazines, or in TV. It was easy to tell us apart. The TV majors dressed well while the print majors looked like the students we were.

While I haven’t made a fortune since, my idea has been fulfilled, even if the media industry still doesn’t know it.

There is only one medium now. This medium, the Internet.

There is no newspaper business, no magazine business. There is no TV business, no newsletter business. These are all just means to the same end, which is communication. The problem is we don’t know what the new industry is about.